The far-reaching significance of the development of the photovoltaic industry is deeply rooted in people's hearts, and leaders at all levels attach great importance to it. When the "Renewable Energy Law" was just implemented, PV was only a conceptual vocabulary in the eyes of ordinary people. The social awareness was extremely low, and the mainstream media dismissed it. The popularity of photovoltaic technology was basically impossible to talk about. With the advent of the new energy revolution, human society is transitioning to a new era of renewable energy. Countries are actively taking action to accelerate energy transformation. Renewable energy has become the focus of competition in the global energy industry, replacing it with non-fossil energy. Fossil energy has become an international trend.

With this tide, the people have a desire for clear water and blue sky. The people are deeply hated of air pollution, and the people are more and more aware of renewable energy and understanding of photovoltaics. From urban to rural areas, the technical knowledge and application knowledge of photovoltaics are gradually deepening into the hearts of the people. The popularity of photovoltaics is rapidly expanding and spreading, and photovoltaic applications are gradually moving toward households, thus forming a broad mass base for the development of the photovoltaic industry.

During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, leaders at all levels paid close attention to the photovoltaic industry. General Secretary Xi Jinping promised in the 2020 and 2030 non-fossil energy accounts in the solemn commitment of the China-US Joint Climate Change Joint Declaration, the UN Paris Climate Change Conference and other international occasions, and the Chinese government's contribution to the national independent emission reduction submission to the United Nations. The proportion of primary energy consumption should reach 15% and 20% respectively. The photovoltaic industry has been highly valued by governments and leaders at all levels because it will play an important role in realizing the above commitments. The party and state leaders such as the Premier and Vice Premier of the State Council have repeatedly investigated the development of the photovoltaic industry and made important instructions. From the leaders of the central government departments to the leaders of local governments, they attach great importance to the development of the photovoltaic industry, which is rare in the development of a specific industry.

The pattern of the international market has intensified, and the diversified development trend is obvious. In the past five years, the traditional international PV market in China's PV products has undergone major changes. The international PV market in China has extended from developed countries to developing countries. The diversified development of China's PV module export market has been significantly enhanced. The scope has spread throughout Asia, Europe, America and Africa, among which China, Japan, India, South Korea, Thailand, Philippines, Pakistan, Turkey, Southeast Asia, Latin America, Middle East and North America have experienced rapid growth; the focus of the global PV application market has been From the European market ten years ago to the markets of China, the United States and Japan, China, the United States, Japan and the United Kingdom have accounted for about 70% of the global market; emerging markets such as India, Latin America and the Middle East have bright spots. . The European market has fallen from more than 70% of China's export market 10 years ago to less than 20% in 2015. The Asian market has grown rapidly and has achieved a share of more than 50% in 2015.

The scale of the industry has increased rapidly and the market share has been among the highest in the world. During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period, the scale of China's polysilicon industry continued to expand, ranking the first in the world for five consecutive years. In 2015, the number of polysilicon start-up enterprises in China reached 16 with a production capacity of 190,000 tons and a production volume of 165,000 tons, which is 2.6 times higher than that of 2010, accounting for 47.8% of the global total. Since 2010, PV module production has grown at an annual rate of more than 30%. In 2015, PV module production was approximately 45.8 GW, accounting for approximately 69% of global production. The production lines of the four production ends of polysilicon, silicon wafers, batteries and modules are consistently ranked first in the world, and solar modules have ranked first in the world for nine consecutive years. More than half of the top 10 companies in each segment are located in mainland China. Among them, at least 16 solar modules have a capacity of more than 500 MW and 12 have more than 1 GW. From 2005 to 2015, China has produced 169 GW of solar cells.

Significant progress has been made in the supporting industry chain, and the competitiveness of the industrial system is leading internationally. In terms of production line special equipment: In 2015, China's photovoltaic equipment industry's total revenue was about 8 billion yuan, and the number of photovoltaic equipment related enterprises reached more than 80, with more than 8,000 employees. At present, China's photovoltaic equipment enterprises from the production of silicon materials, silicon wafer processing, photovoltaic cell, module production, the corresponding pure water preparation, environmental protection, purification engineering construction, to the photovoltaic industry chain related testing equipment, simulators, etc. It already has a complete set of supply capacity, and some products such as diffusion furnace, tubular PECVD, single crystal furnace, polycrystalline ingot furnace, laminating machine and testing equipment have been exported to different extents. At present, the investment in process equipment of a 100MW production line only needs about 60 million yuan, and 10 years ago, it cost about 160 million yuan to 200 million yuan.

In terms of special materials: At present, the supply of aluminum paste has been fully realized. There are more than 20 domestic companies engaged in the research and development and production of photovoltaic aluminum paste products. The situation of foreign-owned enterprises in the domestic back silver paste market has been broken. The market share of the two companies of Xinghe Guangda is more than 50%; the market share of traditional foreign backplane enterprises is declining, the domestic backplane suppliers are rising overall, and Suzhou Saiwu is the world's backplane shipment in 2014. The first place; China's photovoltaic EVA film has been localized, the self-sufficiency rate has reached more than 95%, in 2015 China's EVA film production accounted for more than 80% of the world's total, only Hangzhou Foster's production reached 290 million square meters Rice, accounting for 40% of the global market; China has become the world's largest producer of ultra-white embossed glass, 93% of the world's crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules use photovoltaic glass produced in China; China has occupied 80% of the global border market Around the world, Aikang Metal has occupied more than 15% of the global market share for 9 consecutive years, ranking first in the global border industry; China has become the world's largest solar support production base, China The number of stents produced accounts for more than 50% of the global market.

The volume of imports and exports continues to grow, and the situation of “two heads outside” has improved. Since 2010, with the continuous growth of China's PV product output, the import volume of polysilicon and the export volume of solar cells have also expanded. In 2015, it reached 116,000 tons and 24GW respectively, an increase of 144.2% and 140% respectively compared with 2010. However, due to the sharp decline in product prices, the amount of polysilicon imports and the amount of solar battery exports have declined. At the same time, with the continuous improvement of China's polysilicon production capacity and the continuous expansion of China's PV market, China's polysilicon dependence on imports and solar cells rely on exports continue to improve. The proportion of polysilicon external dependence and solar cell product exports has dropped from 51% and 90% in 2010 to 41.3% and 52.4% in 2015, respectively.

Production technology and product performance continue to increase, and production costs continue to decline. China has mastered the 10,000-ton modified Siemens process polysilicon production process, and the fluidized bed process polysilicon production technology has also begun industrial production. The average integrated power consumption of polysilicon production has dropped to 90 kW.h/kg, and some enterprises have even fallen below 70 kW.h/kg. The silicon consumption per watt produced by crystalline silicon cells has dropped from about 7 grams in 2010 to about 5 grams today. Product performance has also been continuously improved. The industrialization efficiency of single crystal and polycrystalline batteries reached 19.5% and 18.3% respectively, which is at the global leading level. The average conversion efficiency of N-type batteries produced by some enterprises reached 22.9%. The power of mainstream components has reached 260-265W, which is nearly 13% higher than that in 2010. Driven by the level of production technology, product production costs continue to decrease. The production cost of crystalline silicon components of advanced photovoltaic enterprises has dropped to 2.5-2.6 yuan / watt, the comprehensive cost of polysilicon has dropped below 90,000 yuan / ton, the installed cost of the system has dropped below 8 yuan / watt, and the cost of electricity has been reduced to 0.6 - 0.9 yuan / kWh. High-quality and inexpensive solar photovoltaic products have made great contributions to the development of the global photovoltaic industry.

The domestic PV market has expanded rapidly and market applications have gradually diversified. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the State Council issued a number of "Opinions on Promoting the Healthy Development of the Photovoltaic Industry" (Guo Fa [2013] No. 24) and the introduction of supporting policies to further improve the policy environment and accelerate the expansion of photovoltaic power generation. In 2015, China's new PV installed capacity reached 15.13GW. Since 2010, the compound annual growth rate has reached 96%. By the end of 2015, the cumulative PV installed capacity reached 43.18GW. The PV application model is gradually diversified. At present, large-scale ground power stations still account for more than 80% of China's total PV installations. Power station development shows a trend of integration with hydropower, agriculture, aquaculture and ecological management. Driven by policies, the scale of distributed photovoltaic power generation has also expanded, mainly in the central and eastern regions where power load is relatively concentrated. Photovoltaic applications such as photovoltaic pumps, photovoltaic street lamps, photovoltaic trees and photovoltaic consumer products are gradually diversified.

The policy environment is gradually optimized. Driven by the policy of on-grid tariffs for gold solar engineering and photovoltaic power generation, China's photovoltaic power generation market has grown rapidly. Especially in 2013, in order to expand the domestic market, standardize the development of the industry, and promote technological progress, the State Council issued the “Several Opinions on Promoting the Healthy Development of the Photovoltaic Industry” (Guo Fa [24]), in the market launch, industry regulation, trade disputes. Corresponding to the supporting environment and other aspects. Subsequent National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Ministry of Finance, National Energy Administration and other ministries and commissions have successively issued a series of policy measures, which have effectively promoted the development of industry norms, clarified the power subsidy management methods, standardized the construction and operation management of photovoltaic power plants, and strengthened photovoltaic power generation. Net work, etc. In addition, financial institutions such as the China Banking Regulatory Commission and China Development Bank are also actively cooperating with industry authorities to introduce financial support policies in accordance with the spirit of “Guo Fa [24] Document”. In addition, local governments have also introduced stimulus policies, and the industrial development policy environment has gradually improved.

The development process is ups and downs. During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period, the development of China's photovoltaic industry experienced a period of great ups and downs in the industry. At the beginning of the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan”, due to the profiteering of the photovoltaic industry and local policy guidance, the photovoltaic manufacturing capacity grew rapidly and the production capacity was dispersed. From the beginning of 2011 to the beginning of 2013, the consequences of the blind expansion of the national photovoltaic industry began to appear concentrated, product prices fell sharply, and the photovoltaic industry almost lost money across the board. Since the second half of 2013, driven by emerging markets such as China, the United States and Japan, the domestic PV industry has gradually recovered, and the capacity utilization rate of major enterprises has gradually increased. However, it is difficult for SMEs to obtain orders. The industrial development shows that “the big ones are big and weak. The weaker the Matthew effect, the industrial concentration has gradually increased. In terms of polysilicon, in 2014, the top 10 polysilicon enterprises in China produced a total of 125,000 tons, accounting for 92% of total domestic production, an increase of 15 percentage points over 2010. The output of the top 10 component companies totaled 19.7GW, accounting for 55% of the country's total output, up 5 percentage points from 2010.

The pace of enterprises going out is gradually accelerating. In order to open up the foreign PV market and be influenced by overseas frequent investigations on China's PV product trade protection investigation, Chinese PV companies have achieved internationalization through overseas establishment of factories and investment in photovoltaic power plants, and the pace of going out has gradually accelerated. Leading companies such as Artes and Poly GCL have achieved more than 700MW of PV projects in Canada, the United States and Japan. Some companies choose to build factories in the terminal market to be close to the market, such as CLP Electric to build new battery and component factories in Turkey; some enterprises to build factories at low cost to reduce production costs, such as Yingli's new component factory in Thailand, Comtec in Malaysia New silicon wafer factory. In addition, some companies have signed a foundry agreement to circumvent the “double-reverse” tax rate and detour the global market. For example, Qihui Sunshine has established long-term foundry relations in seven countries.

The process of mergers and acquisitions has been accelerating. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the "Opinions on Further Optimizing the Market Environment for the Merger and Reorganization of Photovoltaic Enterprises" to some extent to eliminate policy barriers in the process of mergers and acquisitions. Financial institutions are also supporting enterprises to strengthen mergers and acquisitions through relevant policy funds. According to incomplete statistics, there were 15 mergers and acquisitions in the domestic PV industry in 2014. In 2010, there were few mergers and acquisitions in the industry. At the same time, with the benign development of the market, the “Matthew effect” of the photovoltaic industry is further fermented, and those PV companies that are not competitive and have poor operating conditions will gradually be eliminated by the market. Taking Zhejiang Province as an example, as of the end of 2014, the number of PV enterprises in the province was 260, a decrease of 110.

With this tide, the people have a desire for clear water and blue sky. The people are deeply hated of air pollution, and the people are more and more aware of renewable energy and understanding of photovoltaics. From urban to rural areas, the technical knowledge and application knowledge of photovoltaics are gradually deepening into the hearts of the people. The popularity of photovoltaics is rapidly expanding and spreading, and photovoltaic applications are gradually moving toward households, thus forming a broad mass base for the development of the photovoltaic industry.

During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, leaders at all levels paid close attention to the photovoltaic industry. General Secretary Xi Jinping promised in the 2020 and 2030 non-fossil energy accounts in the solemn commitment of the China-US Joint Climate Change Joint Declaration, the UN Paris Climate Change Conference and other international occasions, and the Chinese government's contribution to the national independent emission reduction submission to the United Nations. The proportion of primary energy consumption should reach 15% and 20% respectively. The photovoltaic industry has been highly valued by governments and leaders at all levels because it will play an important role in realizing the above commitments. The party and state leaders such as the Premier and Vice Premier of the State Council have repeatedly investigated the development of the photovoltaic industry and made important instructions. From the leaders of the central government departments to the leaders of local governments, they attach great importance to the development of the photovoltaic industry, which is rare in the development of a specific industry.

The pattern of the international market has intensified, and the diversified development trend is obvious. In the past five years, the traditional international PV market in China's PV products has undergone major changes. The international PV market in China has extended from developed countries to developing countries. The diversified development of China's PV module export market has been significantly enhanced. The scope has spread throughout Asia, Europe, America and Africa, among which China, Japan, India, South Korea, Thailand, Philippines, Pakistan, Turkey, Southeast Asia, Latin America, Middle East and North America have experienced rapid growth; the focus of the global PV application market has been From the European market ten years ago to the markets of China, the United States and Japan, China, the United States, Japan and the United Kingdom have accounted for about 70% of the global market; emerging markets such as India, Latin America and the Middle East have bright spots. . The European market has fallen from more than 70% of China's export market 10 years ago to less than 20% in 2015. The Asian market has grown rapidly and has achieved a share of more than 50% in 2015.

The scale of the industry has increased rapidly and the market share has been among the highest in the world. During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period, the scale of China's polysilicon industry continued to expand, ranking the first in the world for five consecutive years. In 2015, the number of polysilicon start-up enterprises in China reached 16 with a production capacity of 190,000 tons and a production volume of 165,000 tons, which is 2.6 times higher than that of 2010, accounting for 47.8% of the global total. Since 2010, PV module production has grown at an annual rate of more than 30%. In 2015, PV module production was approximately 45.8 GW, accounting for approximately 69% of global production. The production lines of the four production ends of polysilicon, silicon wafers, batteries and modules are consistently ranked first in the world, and solar modules have ranked first in the world for nine consecutive years. More than half of the top 10 companies in each segment are located in mainland China. Among them, at least 16 solar modules have a capacity of more than 500 MW and 12 have more than 1 GW. From 2005 to 2015, China has produced 169 GW of solar cells.

Significant progress has been made in the supporting industry chain, and the competitiveness of the industrial system is leading internationally. In terms of production line special equipment: In 2015, China's photovoltaic equipment industry's total revenue was about 8 billion yuan, and the number of photovoltaic equipment related enterprises reached more than 80, with more than 8,000 employees. At present, China's photovoltaic equipment enterprises from the production of silicon materials, silicon wafer processing, photovoltaic cell, module production, the corresponding pure water preparation, environmental protection, purification engineering construction, to the photovoltaic industry chain related testing equipment, simulators, etc. It already has a complete set of supply capacity, and some products such as diffusion furnace, tubular PECVD, single crystal furnace, polycrystalline ingot furnace, laminating machine and testing equipment have been exported to different extents. At present, the investment in process equipment of a 100MW production line only needs about 60 million yuan, and 10 years ago, it cost about 160 million yuan to 200 million yuan.

In terms of special materials: At present, the supply of aluminum paste has been fully realized. There are more than 20 domestic companies engaged in the research and development and production of photovoltaic aluminum paste products. The situation of foreign-owned enterprises in the domestic back silver paste market has been broken. The market share of the two companies of Xinghe Guangda is more than 50%; the market share of traditional foreign backplane enterprises is declining, the domestic backplane suppliers are rising overall, and Suzhou Saiwu is the world's backplane shipment in 2014. The first place; China's photovoltaic EVA film has been localized, the self-sufficiency rate has reached more than 95%, in 2015 China's EVA film production accounted for more than 80% of the world's total, only Hangzhou Foster's production reached 290 million square meters Rice, accounting for 40% of the global market; China has become the world's largest producer of ultra-white embossed glass, 93% of the world's crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules use photovoltaic glass produced in China; China has occupied 80% of the global border market Around the world, Aikang Metal has occupied more than 15% of the global market share for 9 consecutive years, ranking first in the global border industry; China has become the world's largest solar support production base, China The number of stents produced accounts for more than 50% of the global market.

The volume of imports and exports continues to grow, and the situation of “two heads outside” has improved. Since 2010, with the continuous growth of China's PV product output, the import volume of polysilicon and the export volume of solar cells have also expanded. In 2015, it reached 116,000 tons and 24GW respectively, an increase of 144.2% and 140% respectively compared with 2010. However, due to the sharp decline in product prices, the amount of polysilicon imports and the amount of solar battery exports have declined. At the same time, with the continuous improvement of China's polysilicon production capacity and the continuous expansion of China's PV market, China's polysilicon dependence on imports and solar cells rely on exports continue to improve. The proportion of polysilicon external dependence and solar cell product exports has dropped from 51% and 90% in 2010 to 41.3% and 52.4% in 2015, respectively.

Production technology and product performance continue to increase, and production costs continue to decline. China has mastered the 10,000-ton modified Siemens process polysilicon production process, and the fluidized bed process polysilicon production technology has also begun industrial production. The average integrated power consumption of polysilicon production has dropped to 90 kW.h/kg, and some enterprises have even fallen below 70 kW.h/kg. The silicon consumption per watt produced by crystalline silicon cells has dropped from about 7 grams in 2010 to about 5 grams today. Product performance has also been continuously improved. The industrialization efficiency of single crystal and polycrystalline batteries reached 19.5% and 18.3% respectively, which is at the global leading level. The average conversion efficiency of N-type batteries produced by some enterprises reached 22.9%. The power of mainstream components has reached 260-265W, which is nearly 13% higher than that in 2010. Driven by the level of production technology, product production costs continue to decrease. The production cost of crystalline silicon components of advanced photovoltaic enterprises has dropped to 2.5-2.6 yuan / watt, the comprehensive cost of polysilicon has dropped below 90,000 yuan / ton, the installed cost of the system has dropped below 8 yuan / watt, and the cost of electricity has been reduced to 0.6 - 0.9 yuan / kWh. High-quality and inexpensive solar photovoltaic products have made great contributions to the development of the global photovoltaic industry.

The domestic PV market has expanded rapidly and market applications have gradually diversified. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the State Council issued a number of "Opinions on Promoting the Healthy Development of the Photovoltaic Industry" (Guo Fa [2013] No. 24) and the introduction of supporting policies to further improve the policy environment and accelerate the expansion of photovoltaic power generation. In 2015, China's new PV installed capacity reached 15.13GW. Since 2010, the compound annual growth rate has reached 96%. By the end of 2015, the cumulative PV installed capacity reached 43.18GW. The PV application model is gradually diversified. At present, large-scale ground power stations still account for more than 80% of China's total PV installations. Power station development shows a trend of integration with hydropower, agriculture, aquaculture and ecological management. Driven by policies, the scale of distributed photovoltaic power generation has also expanded, mainly in the central and eastern regions where power load is relatively concentrated. Photovoltaic applications such as photovoltaic pumps, photovoltaic street lamps, photovoltaic trees and photovoltaic consumer products are gradually diversified.

The policy environment is gradually optimized. Driven by the policy of on-grid tariffs for gold solar engineering and photovoltaic power generation, China's photovoltaic power generation market has grown rapidly. Especially in 2013, in order to expand the domestic market, standardize the development of the industry, and promote technological progress, the State Council issued the “Several Opinions on Promoting the Healthy Development of the Photovoltaic Industry” (Guo Fa [24]), in the market launch, industry regulation, trade disputes. Corresponding to the supporting environment and other aspects. Subsequent National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Ministry of Finance, National Energy Administration and other ministries and commissions have successively issued a series of policy measures, which have effectively promoted the development of industry norms, clarified the power subsidy management methods, standardized the construction and operation management of photovoltaic power plants, and strengthened photovoltaic power generation. Net work, etc. In addition, financial institutions such as the China Banking Regulatory Commission and China Development Bank are also actively cooperating with industry authorities to introduce financial support policies in accordance with the spirit of “Guo Fa [24] Document”. In addition, local governments have also introduced stimulus policies, and the industrial development policy environment has gradually improved.

The development process is ups and downs. During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period, the development of China's photovoltaic industry experienced a period of great ups and downs in the industry. At the beginning of the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan”, due to the profiteering of the photovoltaic industry and local policy guidance, the photovoltaic manufacturing capacity grew rapidly and the production capacity was dispersed. From the beginning of 2011 to the beginning of 2013, the consequences of the blind expansion of the national photovoltaic industry began to appear concentrated, product prices fell sharply, and the photovoltaic industry almost lost money across the board. Since the second half of 2013, driven by emerging markets such as China, the United States and Japan, the domestic PV industry has gradually recovered, and the capacity utilization rate of major enterprises has gradually increased. However, it is difficult for SMEs to obtain orders. The industrial development shows that “the big ones are big and weak. The weaker the Matthew effect, the industrial concentration has gradually increased. In terms of polysilicon, in 2014, the top 10 polysilicon enterprises in China produced a total of 125,000 tons, accounting for 92% of total domestic production, an increase of 15 percentage points over 2010. The output of the top 10 component companies totaled 19.7GW, accounting for 55% of the country's total output, up 5 percentage points from 2010.

The pace of enterprises going out is gradually accelerating. In order to open up the foreign PV market and be influenced by overseas frequent investigations on China's PV product trade protection investigation, Chinese PV companies have achieved internationalization through overseas establishment of factories and investment in photovoltaic power plants, and the pace of going out has gradually accelerated. Leading companies such as Artes and Poly GCL have achieved more than 700MW of PV projects in Canada, the United States and Japan. Some companies choose to build factories in the terminal market to be close to the market, such as CLP Electric to build new battery and component factories in Turkey; some enterprises to build factories at low cost to reduce production costs, such as Yingli's new component factory in Thailand, Comtec in Malaysia New silicon wafer factory. In addition, some companies have signed a foundry agreement to circumvent the “double-reverse” tax rate and detour the global market. For example, Qihui Sunshine has established long-term foundry relations in seven countries.

The process of mergers and acquisitions has been accelerating. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the "Opinions on Further Optimizing the Market Environment for the Merger and Reorganization of Photovoltaic Enterprises" to some extent to eliminate policy barriers in the process of mergers and acquisitions. Financial institutions are also supporting enterprises to strengthen mergers and acquisitions through relevant policy funds. According to incomplete statistics, there were 15 mergers and acquisitions in the domestic PV industry in 2014. In 2010, there were few mergers and acquisitions in the industry. At the same time, with the benign development of the market, the “Matthew effect” of the photovoltaic industry is further fermented, and those PV companies that are not competitive and have poor operating conditions will gradually be eliminated by the market. Taking Zhejiang Province as an example, as of the end of 2014, the number of PV enterprises in the province was 260, a decrease of 110.

Source: Pulse